ST. PAUL - When the new flu began to spread, many people were concerned about catching it from hogs because it was called swine flu.
Now some are concerned that swine may get sick from flu-infected people, especially at local and state fairs.
Minnesota Health Department's Buddy Ferguson said: "Don't bring your swine to the fair if they are sick, and don't go to the fair if you are sick."
A letter state health and Board of Animal Health officials sent to fair managers and veterinarians states any hog that appears to have flulike symptoms must immediately be sent home. The letter also encourages people to be careful not to infect hogs.
"We strongly encourage anyone who has had a fever and a cough or sore throat within seven days of the fair to stay home," the letter said. "In addition, we encourage people to wash their hands often and to cover their cough."
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Oregon agriculture officials went even further. They recommend that people attending fairs this year be kept 6 feet from swine so they are less likely to infect the livestock.
Public duties
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says "individuals have an important role in protecting themselves and their families":
If you are sick with a flulike illness, stay home for seven days after your symptoms begin or until you have been symptom-free for 24 hours, whichever is longer. This is to keep from infecting others and spreading the virus further. The symptoms
The new flu virus symptoms are like those reported by people suffering from the seasonal flu: sore throat, cough, runny nose, fever, malaise, headache and joint and muscle pain.
The new flu also can hit a patient lower, causing nausea, diarrhea and vomiting.
The World Health Organization reports that people become infected when sick people cough or sneeze, leaving infected droplets in the air or on surfaces.
"Another person can breathe in contaminated air, or touch infected hands or surfaces, and be exposed," WHO reports.
Accidental flu?
Scientists suspect the H1N1 flu virus is circulating because of a laboratory mistake.
Nationally known epidemiologist Michael Osterholm of the University of Minnesota said that it is thought a Soviet Union lab accidentally allowed it to escape in about 1977.
A New England Journal of Medicine article suggests that a 1950 H1N1 strain had died out, but some was kept in the laboratory.
"The re-emergence was probably an accidental release from a laboratory source in the setting of waning population immunity to H1 and N1 antigens," Dr. Shanta Zimmer and Donald Burke of the University of Pittsburgh wrote.
By the numbers
More than 94,000 people have been confirmed to have the flu worldwide, but those numbers do not tell the whole story.
In many countries, including the United States, local public health officials no longer try to confirm every flulike case as the H1N1 flu. Instead, they only require the testing of the most serious cases.
In the United States, for example, about 34,000 flu cases have been confirmed - more than a third of the global number - but federal health officials say at least 1 million actually have had the flu.
What's in a name?
The current pandemic flu began life known as the swine flu.
Pork producers loudly complained that it was affecting their business, even though scientists say humans cannot get the flu from eating pork. So the name gradually changed.
Some began calling it the "novel flu" and others the "new flu." Still others use the term "A H1N1."
Travel goes on
The World Health Organization reports that travel restrictions are not recommended as countries fight the new flu strain.
"Limiting travel and imposing travel restrictions would have very little effect on stopping the virus from spreading, but would be highly disruptive to the global community," the WHO reports.
The organization has looked at past flu pandemics and disease outbreaks and found no evidence that restricting travel would help.
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Davis works for Forum Communications Co., which owns The Forum. He can be reached at (651) 290-0707 or ddavis@forumcomm.com
